Steel pickling refers to the treatment used to remove impurities, rust and scale on the surface of the material. During thermal processing, a layer of oxide (called "scale" because of its scaly appearance) forms on the surface of the metal. Before most cold rolling processes, previously hot rolled s
Have you heard of the metal treatment process of pickling? When most people hear the word "pickle," they immediately think of the edible vinegar pickle of its namesake. However, pickling also refers to a metal treatment process performed by a manufacturing company. By reading this article, you will
In an ideal gas turbine, gases undergo four thermodynamic processes: isentropic compression, isobaric (constant pressure) combustion, isentropic expansion, and heat rejection. Together these make up the Brayton cycle.In a real gas turbine, when gas is compressed (in a centrifugal or axial compressor
Hot rollingHot rolling is a metalworking process that occurs above the material's recrystallization temperature. After the grains are deformed during processing, they recrystallize to maintain an equiaxed microstructure and prevent metal work hardening. The starting material is usually bulk metal, s
A rotary dryer is an industrial dryer used to reduce or minimize the moisture content of the material being processed by exposing it to heated gas. [1] A dryer consists of a rotating cylinder ("drum" or "housing"), a drive mechanism, and a supporting structure (usually concrete columns or a steel fr
Spray drying is a method of turning a liquid or slurry into a dry powder by rapidly drying with hot gas. This is the method of choice for drying many heat-sensitive materials, such as food and pharmaceuticals,[1] or where extremely consistent fine-grained materials may be required. Air is the heated
Smelting is the process of heating ore to extract base metals. [1] It is a form of extractive metallurgy. It is used to extract a variety of metals from ore, including silver, iron, copper and other base metals. Smelting uses heat and chemical reducing agents to break down ore, expel other elements
In the Old World, the first metals to be smelted were tin and lead. The earliest known cast lead beads were found at the site of Çatalhöyük in Anatolia (Turkey) and date to around 6500 BC, but the metal may have been known earlier. [citation needed]Since this discovery occurred thousands of years be
Roller mills are mills that use cylindrical rollers, either in pairs or against flat plates, to crush or grind various materials such as grains, ores, gravel, plastics, etc. Drum grain mills are an alternative to traditional grinding stone arrangements in mills. Roller mills for rock complement othe
In metalworking, rolling is a metal forming process in which a metal billet is passed through one or more pairs of rolls to reduce thickness, uniformize thickness, and/or impart desired mechanical properties. The concept is similar to rolling dough. Rolling is classified by the temperature at which
Cold rolling occurs when the metal is below its recrystallization temperature (usually at room temperature), increasing strength by up to 20% through strain hardening. It also improves surface finish and holds tighter tolerances. Commonly used cold rolled products are plates, strips, rods, rods; the
As a power source[edit]The V-2 rocket uses hydrogen peroxide decomposed by a liquid sodium permanganate catalyst solution as a gas generator. This is used to drive the turbo pump to pressurize the main LOX-ethanol propellant. [1] In the Saturn V F-1[2][3] and Space Shuttle main engines,[4] some prim
1. Ferromanganese is widely used in steel industry, foundry industry and other industrial production.2. 1. Iron and steel industry: Ferromanganese is an indispensable deoxidizer and desulfurizer in the steelmaking industry. Good steel needs deoxidation and desulfurization during smelting, and
Ferroalloys are various ferrous alloys that contain high proportions of one or more other elements such as manganese (Mn), aluminum (Al), or silicon (Si). [1] They are used in the production of steels and alloys. [2][3] These alloys impart unique qualities to steel and cast iron or play an important
Basic concept and characteristics of top pressure recovery steam turbineTRT is an energy-saving equipment used in blast furnaces in steel mills. It has the following two functions. One is to control the top pressure of the blast furnace, and the other is to use the blast furnace gas to drive the ste
Power and performance of TRT parameters and functionsVolume of BF top gasPressure of BF gas at the blast furnace topPressure drop across the gas cleaning plant (GCP)Temperature of BF gas after the GCPPressure of BF gas at the outlet of the TRTQuality of the BF gas at th
Used Continuous Casting Equipment and its Process:Provide billet, slab continuous casting equipment.6-meter arc, 8-meter arc, 9-meter arc, single-machine single-stream, double-machine double-stream, four-machine four-stream, five-machine five-stream and other models of second-hand continuous casting
The belt sintering machine is suitable for sintering operations in large-scale ferrous metallurgical sintering plants. It is the main equipment in the extraction sintering process. It can sinter concentrate powder and rich ore powder with different components and particle sizes into blocks, and part
An ideal steam turbine is considered an isentropic process, or constant entropy process, where the entropy of the steam entering the turbine is equal to the entropy of the steam leaving the turbine. However, no steam turbine is truly isentropic and typical isentropic efficiencies range from 20% to 9
A steam turbine is a machine that extracts heat energy from pressurized steam and uses it to perform mechanical work on a rotating output shaft. Its modern representation was invented by Charles Parsons in 1884. [1][2] The manufacture of modern steam turbines involves advanced metalworking, using te