Rotary calciners provide efficient high temperature processing and high heat transfer rates for bulk solid materials.Used to heat fine and dusty, oxidation-sensitive, flammable, explosive, potentially polluting or heat-sensitive materials, the rotary calciner isolates the material to be processed in

Calcination is the thermal treatment of solid compounds, such as mixed carbonate ores, whereby the compound is raised to high temperatures without melting with a limited supply of ambient oxygen (i.e. the gaseous O2 portion of the air), usually to remove impurities or volatile substances and/or caus

The adjacent diagram depicts a typical water-cooled surface condenser used in power stations to condense exhaust steam from steam turbines driving electrical generators, among other applications. [2][3][4][5] There are many variations in manufacturing designs depending on the manufacturer, size of t

Surface condensers are water-cooled shell-and-tube heat exchangers used to condense waste steam from steam turbines in thermal power stations. [1][2][3] These condensers are heat exchangers that convert vapor from a gaseous state to a liquid state at subatmospheric pressure. Where the supply of cool

In the Old World, the first metals to be smelted were tin and lead. The earliest known cast lead beads were found at the site of Çatalhöyük in Anatolia (Turkey) and date to around 6500 BC, but the metal may have been known earlier. [citation needed]Since this discovery occurred thousands of years be

Smelting is the process of heating ore to extract base metals. [1] It is a form of extractive metallurgy. It is used to extract a variety of metals from ore, including silver, iron, copper and other base metals. Smelting uses heat and chemical reducing agents to break down ore, expel other elements

In an ideal gas turbine, gases undergo four thermodynamic processes: isentropic compression, isobaric (constant pressure) combustion, isentropic expansion, and heat rejection. Together these make up the Brayton cycle.In a real gas turbine, when gas is compressed (in a centrifugal or axial compressor

As a power source[edit]The V-2 rocket uses hydrogen peroxide decomposed by a liquid sodium permanganate catalyst solution as a gas generator. This is used to drive the turbo pump to pressurize the main LOX-ethanol propellant. [1] In the Saturn V F-1[2][3] and Space Shuttle main engines,[4] some prim

The refining furnace is the key equipment of the refining technology outside the furnace. The refining furnace has the function of stirring the molten pool, which can adjust the composition and temperature of molten steel, and promote the reaction of inclusions and slag.

The gas concentration in the machine room seriously exceeds the standard. The main reasons are as follows: ① due to the small number of equivalent teeth and relatively few times of throttling expansion, the leakage is serious; ② When the unit passes the critical speed or abnormal vibration occurs, the amplitude is large, and there will be contact between the teeth on the rotor and the sealing sleeve. Due to the thin sealing teeth caused by pulling apart, when friction occurs, it will be quickly worn and the sealing gap will increase, resulting in gas leakage.