Induction heating is the process of heating a conductive material (i.e. metal or semiconductor) by electromagnetic induction, by transferring heat through an induction coil, within which an electromagnetic field is generated to heat and possibly melt steel, copper, brass, graphite, gold, silver, alu

CookingIn induction cooking, induction coils inside the cooktop heat the iron base of the cookware through magnetic induction. Using an induction hob is safe, efficient (the hob itself does not heat) and speed. Non-ferrous metal pots such as copper bottom pots and aluminum pots are generally not sui

Rotary calciners provide efficient high temperature processing and high heat transfer rates for bulk solid materials.Used to heat fine and dusty, oxidation-sensitive, flammable, explosive, potentially polluting or heat-sensitive materials, the rotary calciner isolates the material to be processed in

Calcination is the thermal treatment of solid compounds, such as mixed carbonate ores, whereby the compound is raised to high temperatures without melting with a limited supply of ambient oxygen (i.e. the gaseous O2 portion of the air), usually to remove impurities or volatile substances and/or caus

The adjacent diagram depicts a typical water-cooled surface condenser used in power stations to condense exhaust steam from steam turbines driving electrical generators, among other applications. [2][3][4][5] There are many variations in manufacturing designs depending on the manufacturer, size of t

Surface condensers are water-cooled shell-and-tube heat exchangers used to condense waste steam from steam turbines in thermal power stations. [1][2][3] These condensers are heat exchangers that convert vapor from a gaseous state to a liquid state at subatmospheric pressure. Where the supply of cool

In the Old World, the first metals to be smelted were tin and lead. The earliest known cast lead beads were found at the site of Çatalhöyük in Anatolia (Turkey) and date to around 6500 BC, but the metal may have been known earlier. [citation needed]Since this discovery occurred thousands of years be

Smelting is the process of heating ore to extract base metals. [1] It is a form of extractive metallurgy. It is used to extract a variety of metals from ore, including silver, iron, copper and other base metals. Smelting uses heat and chemical reducing agents to break down ore, expel other elements

Electric arc steelmaking furnace takes electric energy as the main energy. The electric energy generates high temperature above 2000 ~ 6000 ℃ through the discharge arc between graphite electrode and furnace charge, and melts the scrap raw material in the way of arc radiation, temperature convection and heat conduction. In most of the time when the charge melts, the high-temperature heat source is surrounded by the charge